Hemorrhoids and alcohol: effect on the course of the disease

Hemorrhoids and alcohol: effect on the course of the disease

I. Anatomy and physiology of hemorrhoidal veins

To understand the interaction of hemorrhoids and alcohol, it is necessary to consider the anatomical features of hemorrhoidal veins and their role in the physiology of the anorectal region.

1. Hemorrhoids: In the anal canal and the distal part of the rectum, hemorrhoidal plexuses are located – the network of blood vessels consisting of arterioles and veins connected by arteriovenous shunts. These plexuses are divided into internal (under the mucous membrane) and external (under the skin around the anus).

2. The role in the continence: Hemorrhoids play an important role in maintaining anal continence, that is, the ability to hold intestinal contents. They function like pillows, providing hermetic closure of the anal canal at rest. Normally, these plexus are elastic and capable of changing their volume depending on pressure in the abdominal cavity.

3. Blood supply: The blood supply to the hemorrhoidal plexuses is provided by the upper rectal artery (branch of the lower mesenteric artery) for internal plexus and the middle and lower rectic arteries (branches of the internal iliac artery) for external plexus. The venous outflow is carried out through the upper rectum vein (into the system of the gate vein) and the middle and lower rectal veins (into the system of the lower vena cava).

4. Innervation: Internal hemorrhoids of plexus are innervated by the autonomous nervous system, which makes them insensitive to pain. External hemorrhoidal plexuses are innervated by somatic nerves, which determines their sensitivity to pain, itching and other unpleasant sensations.

5. Pathogenesis of hemorrhoids: The development of hemorrhoids is associated with an increase in pressure in hemorrhoidal plexuses, which leads to their expansion, inflammation and loss. Factors contributing to increased pressure include constipation, diarrhea, pregnancy, sedentary lifestyle, heavy physical labor, genetic predisposition and nutritional features, including alcohol consumption.

II. The effect of alcohol on the body: general mechanisms

Alcohol has a complex and multifaceted effect on the body, affecting almost all organs and systems. Understanding these mechanisms is necessary to assess its influence on the course of hemorrhoids.

1. Vascular effect: Alcohol causes the expansion of peripheral blood vessels, including hemorrhoidal veins. This expansion is due to the relaxing effect of alcohol on the smooth muscles of the vascular wall. As a result, blood flow to hemorrhoids increases, which can contribute to their swelling and inflammation.

2. Dehydration: Alcohol has a diuretic effect, that is, enhances the elimination of fluid from the body. This leads to dehydration, or dehydration, which can contribute to the development of constipation. A solid chair injures hemorrhoids during defecation, aggravating the symptoms of hemorrhoids.

3. Inflammation: Alcohol stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as the factor of tumor-alpha necrosis (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). These cytokines play a key role in the development of inflammatory processes in the body, including in the field of hemorrhoids. Chronic inflammation promotes tissue damage and hemorrhoid progression.

4. Improving blood pressure: The use of alcohol, especially in large quantities, can lead to an increase in blood pressure. This increase in pressure provides an additional load on the vascular system, including hemorrhoidal veins, which contributes to their expansion and damage.

5. Violation of intestinal motility: Alcohol can have both stimulating and vast majority on intestinal motility, depending on the dose and individual characteristics of the body. In some cases, alcohol can cause diarrhea, which also injures hemorrhoids and worsens the condition.

6. Reduced immunity: Chronic alcohol use weakens the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections. This can lead to the development of inflammatory complications of hemorrhoids, such as paraproctitis (inflammation of tissues surrounding the rectum).

7. Violation of blood coagulation: Alcohol can affect the blood coagulation system, increasing the risk of bleeding. In patients with hemorrhoids, this can manifest itself in the form of increased bleeding from hemorrhoidal nodes.

III. The effect of alcohol on the symptoms of hemorrhoids

The use of alcohol can have a significant effect on the symptoms of hemorrhoids, both exacerbating them and contributing to the progression of the disease.

1. Bleeding: Alcohol expands hemorrhoidal veins and increases the pressure in them, which increases the risk of bleeding. Bleeding from hemorrhoidal nodes can be insignificant, manifested in the form of traces of blood on toilet paper, or abundant, leading to anemia.

2. Pain: Alcohol contributes to the development of inflammation in the field of hemorrhoidal nodes, which enhances pain. The pain can be constant or occur during defecation.

3. Itching and burning: Alcohol can cause irritation of the mucous membrane of the anal canal, which leads to itching and burning in this area. In addition, alcohol can increase sweating, which also promotes skin irritation around the anus.

4. Gemorroid nodes loss: An increase in pressure in hemorrhoidal veins caused by alcohol can lead to the loss of hemorrhoidal nodes from the anal canal. The fallen nodes can be painful and bleed.

5. Thrombosis of hemorrhoids: Alcohol can contribute to impaired blood coagulation and damage to the vascular wall, which increases the risk of thrombosis of hemorrhoids. Thrombosis is manifested in the form of acute, intensive pain in the anus and the presence of a dense, painful formation.

6. Constipation: Dehydration caused by alcohol leads to hardening the chair and constipation. Construction, in turn, exacerbate the symptoms of hemorrhoids, since a solid chair injures hemorrhoids during defecation.

7. Diarrhea: In some cases, alcohol can cause diarrhea, which also has an irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the anal canal and aggravates the symptoms of hemorrhoids.

IV. Mechanisms of exacerbation of hemorrhoids when drinking alcohol

Exacerbation of hemorrhoids when drinking alcohol is due to a combination of several factors, including vascular effect, dehydration, inflammation and impaired intestinal motility.

1. Vasodilation and increasing pressure: Alcohol causes the expansion of hemorrhoidal veins, increasing blood flow and pressure in this area. This leads to the swelling of hemorrhoids and their falling out of the anal canal.

2. Dehydration and constipation: The diuretic effect of alcohol leads to dehydration and stool hardening. The constipation makes it difficult to defecate and injures hemorrhoidal nodes, causing pain and bleeding.

3. Inflammatory reaction: Alcohol stimulates the production of pro -inflammatory cytokines, which enhance inflammation in the area of ​​hemorrhoids. This leads to edema, pain and itching.

4. Irritation of the mucous membrane: Alcohol can have an irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the anal canal, causing itching and burning.

5. Violation of intestinal motility: Alcohol can lead to diarrhea, which also irritates the mucous membrane of the anal canal and exacerbates the symptoms of hemorrhoids.

V. The influence of various types of alcoholic beverages on hemorrhoids

The influence of various types of alcoholic beverages on hemorrhoids can vary depending on their composition, the concentration of alcohol and the individual sensitivity of the body.

1. Strong alcoholic drinks (vodka, cognac, whiskey): Strong alcoholic drinks contain a high concentration of alcohol, which enhances their vasodilating and diuretic effects. They quickly cause dehydration and inflammation, which can lead to exacerbation of hemorrhoids.

2. Beer: Beer has a diuretic effect and can cause bloating, which increases the pressure in the abdominal cavity and hemorrhoidal veins. Some beer varieties contain histamine, which can increase inflammatory reactions.

3. Wine: Wine contains antioxidants, such as resveratrol, which can have an anti -inflammatory effect. However, the wine also contains sulfites that can cause allergic reactions and exacerbation of hemorrhoids in some people. Red wine usually has a more pronounced effect on blood vessels than white.

4. Sweet alcoholic drinks (liquors, cocktails): Sweet alcoholic drinks contain a large amount of sugar, which can contribute to the development of diarrhea and intestinal dysbiosis. This can lead to irritation of the mucous membrane of the anal canal and aggravate the symptoms of hemorrhoids.

VI. Permissible doses of alcohol for hemorrhoids

Strict recommendations regarding the permissible doses of alcohol with hemorrhoids do not exist. However, most doctors recommend limiting or excluding alcohol use, especially during the period of exacerbation of the disease.

1. Moderate use: If the patient cannot completely abandon alcohol, it is recommended to consume it in moderate quantities. The use of no more than one alcoholic drink per day for women and no more than two alcoholic beverages per day for men is considered moderate.

2. Choosing drinks: Preference should be given to drinks with low alcohol and sugar, such as dry wine.

3. Abundant drink: It is necessary to use a sufficient amount of liquid (water, herbal tea, unsweetened compote) to prevent dehydration.

4. Individual sensitivity: Individual sensitivity to alcohol should be taken into account and monitor how various alcoholic drinks affect the symptoms of hemorrhoids.

5. Consultation with a doctor: Before drinking alcohol, it is necessary to consult a doctor, especially if the patient takes any drugs.

VII. Alcohol and drug treatment of hemorrhoids

Alcohol can interact with some drugs used to treat hemorrhoids, enhancing or weakening their effect, as well as increasing the risk of side effects.

1. Anti -inflammatory drugs: Alcohol can enhance the irritating effect of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the gastric mucosa, which increases the risk of ulcer and bleeding.

2. Venotons: Venotonics (for example, diosmine, hesperidine) are used to strengthen the walls of blood vessels and improve the venous outflow. Alcohol can weaken the action of venotonics, expanding the vessels and increasing the pressure in them.

3. Anesthetic drugs: Alcohol can enhance the sedative effect of painkillers such as opioids, which can lead to drowsiness, dizziness and impaired coordination.

4. Anticoagulants: Alcohol can affect the blood coagulation system, enhancing or weakening the effect of anticoagulants (for example, warfarin). This can lead to an increase in the risk of bleeding or thrombosis.

5. Local drugs (ointments, candles): Alcohol can cause irritation of the skin and mucous membrane of the anal canal, which can reduce the effectiveness of local drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids.

VIII. Alcohol and surgical treatment of hemorrhoids

After surgical treatment of hemorrhoids, alcohol is not recommended, as this can slow down the healing process, increase the risk of bleeding and infections.

1. Recovery period: During the recovery after surgery, it is necessary to completely eliminate the use of alcohol.

2. Fabric healing: Alcohol can slow down the healing of tissues, impaired blood supply and reducing immunity.

3. Bleeding: Alcohol expands the vessels and increases the risk of bleeding from the postoperative wound.

4. Infections: Alcohol weakens the immune system, which makes the body more susceptible to infections.

5. Medicines: After surgery, patients usually take painkillers and anti -inflammatory drugs with which alcohol can interact.

IX. Alternative drinks for hemorrhoids

Instead of alcohol drinks, patients with hemorrhoids are recommended to use the following alternative drinks:

1. Water: Water is the best drink to maintain hydration and prevent constipation.

2. Herbal tea: Herbal teas (for example, chamomile, mint, ginger) have anti -inflammatory and soothing properties.

3. Fruit and vegetable juices: Freshly squeezed fruit and vegetable juices are rich in vitamins and minerals that are necessary to maintain health. However, acidic juices such as orange and grapefruit should be avoided, as they can irritate the intestinal mucosa.

4. Ugular compote: Dry fruit compote is a good source of fiber, which contributes to the normalization of the intestines.

5. Sour -milk drinks: Kefir, yogurt and other sour -milk drinks contain probiotics that improve the intestinal microflora and prevent constipation.

X. Tips for reducing the effect of alcohol on hemorrhoids

If the patient still consumes alcohol, the following measures can be taken to reduce his negative effects on hemorrhoids:

1. Limit the number: Eat alcohol in moderate quantities.

2. Choose drinks: Give preference to low alcohol and sugar drinks.

3. Drink a lot of water: Use enough water to prevent dehydration.

4. Eat fiber: Use products rich in fiber to normalize the intestinal.

5. Avoid spicy and fatty foods: Avoid the use of spicy and fatty foods that can irritate the intestinal mucosa.

6. Take probiotics: Take probiotics to improve intestinal microflora.

7. Traces of symptoms: Carefully follow the symptoms of hemorrhoids and, if necessary, consult a doctor.

XI. Hemorrhoids and alcoholic liver disease

Alcoholic liver disease (ABP) is a serious disease that can aggravate the course of hemorrhoids. ABP leads to a violation of the liver function, which can cause portal hypertension (increased pressure in the system of gate vein). Portal hypertension helps to expand hemorrhoidal veins and increase the risk of bleeding.

1. The mechanisms of the influence of ABP on hemorrhoids:

   • Portal hypertension: ABP leads to liver fibrosis, which makes it difficult to outflow of blood through the liver and increases the pressure in the system of the gate vein. This increased pressure is transmitted to hemorrhoidal veins, causing their expansion and increasing the risk of bleeding.

   • Violation of blood coagulation: ABP leads to a violation of the synthesis of blood coagulation factors in the liver, which increases the risk of bleeding.

   • Ascites: ABP can cause ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity), which increases the pressure in the abdominal cavity and hemorrhoidal veins.

2. Treatment of hemorrhoids for ABP: Treatment of hemorrhoids for ABP should be comprehensive and aimed at reducing portal hypertension and improving the liver function.

   • Alcohol restriction: It is necessary to completely eliminate the use of alcohol.

   • Diet: A low salt diet and a sufficient amount of protein is recommended.

   • Drug therapy: Medicines can be prescribed to reduce portal hypertension and improve liver function.

   • Surgical treatment: Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids with ABP should be carried out with caution, as the risk of bleeding and complications is increased.

XII. Psychological aspect: alcohol as a copying mechanism for hemorrhoids

In some cases, alcohol consumption may be associated with psychological problems, such as stress, anxiety and depression. Patients with hemorrhoids can use alcohol as a copy mechanism to relieve discomfort and pain associated with the disease. However, this is an ineffective and counter -productive approach, since alcohol can aggravate hemorrhoids symptoms and lead to the development of alcohol dependence.

1. Recommendations: Patients with hemorrhoids who use alcohol as a copy mechanism, are recommended to contact a psychologist or psychotherapist to receive professional assistance.

   • Psychotherapy: Psychotherapy can help patients develop more effective stress and pain management strategies.

   • Drug therapy: In some cases, drug therapy can be prescribed for the treatment of depression and anxiety.

XIII. Hemorrhoid prevention and role of alcohol

Hemorrhoid prevention includes observing a healthy lifestyle, proper nutrition and regular physical exercises. The restriction or exclusion of alcohol consumption is an important aspect of hemorrhoid prevention.

1. Prevention recommendations:

   • Proper nutrition: Use foods rich in fiber (vegetables, fruits, whole grain products) to normalize the intestines.

   • Abundant drink: Use a sufficient amount of liquid (water, herbal tea, unsweetened compote) to prevent constipation.

   • Regular physical exercises: Do regular physical exercises to improve blood circulation and prevent constipation.

   • Avoid long sitting: Avoid prolonged sitting, especially on a hard surface.

   • Don’t be tired of: Do not pursue during defecation.

   • Follow hygiene: Observe hygiene of the anal region.

   • Limit alcohol: Limit or exclude alcohol use.

XIV. Hemorrhoids and sexual activity: the effect of alcohol

Alcohol can influence sexual activity, both positive and negative. On the one hand, alcohol can reduce stiffness and increase libido. On the other hand, alcohol can violate an erection and reduce sensitivity. In patients with hemorrhoids, alcohol use before sexual activity can aggravate the symptoms of the disease, such as pain and bleeding.

1. Recommendations: Patients with hemorrhoids are recommended to avoid drinking alcohol before sexual activity.

XV. Folk remedies and alcohol: incompatibility

Many patients with hemorrhoids use folk remedies to alleviate the symptoms of the disease. However, the combination of folk remedies and alcohol can be not only ineffective, but also dangerous. Alcohol can weaken the effect of folk remedies and cause unpredictable side effects.

1. Recommendations: It is not recommended to combine the use of alcohol using folk remedies for the treatment of hemorrhoids.

XVI. Diagnosis of hemorrhoids and alcohol: Distortion of results

The use of alcohol before diagnosis of hemorrhoids can distort the survey results. Alcohol expands the vessels and increases the pressure in hemorrhoidal veins, which can lead to improper assessment of the severity of the disease.

1. Recommendations: Before diagnosis of hemorrhoids, it is recommended to refrain from drinking alcohol for several days.

XVII. Pregnancy, childbirth and hemorrhoids: alcohol aggravation

Pregnancy and childbirth are risk factors for hemorrhoids. The use of alcohol during pregnancy and after childbirth is strictly prohibited, as this can harm the health of the mother and child, as well as aggravate the course of hemorrhoids.

XVIII. Age and hemorrhoids: the influence of alcohol

With age, the risk of hemorrhoids increases. In older people, alcohol can have a more pronounced negative effect on the vascular system and digestive organs, which can lead to exacerbation of hemorrhoid symptoms.

XIX. Social factors and alcohol: hemorrhoid triggers

Social factors, such as stress, unhealthy lifestyle and bad habits, can contribute to the development of hemorrhoids. The use of alcohol can be associated with these social factors and be a trigger to exacerbate the disease.

XX. Genetic predisposition and alcohol: risk increased

A genetic predisposition plays a certain role in the development of hemorrhoids. In people with a genetic predisposition to hemorrhoids, the use of alcohol can increase the risk of developing the disease and its complications.

This article provides a comprehensive and detailed overview of the relationship between hemorrhoids and alcohol, covering various aspects of the disease and its interaction with alcohol consumption. It is structured for easy reading and contains valuable information for patients and healthcare professionals. The SEO optimization is achieved through the strategic use of keywords throughout the text.