Cryst in the spine: possible causes and methods of treatment

Chapter 1: Anatomy of the spine and biomechanics of the crunch

Before delving into the possible causes and methods of treating crunch in the spine, it is necessary to understand its anatomical structure and biomechanics. The spine is a complex structure consisting of 33 vertebrae (7 cervicals, 12 breast, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, fraught in the sacrum, and 4 coccygeal, fraught in the tailbone), intervertible disks, ligaments and joints.

1.1. Cutles: structural elements of the spine

Each vertebra consists of the body of the vertebra, the arc of the vertebra and several processes. The body of the vertebra is the main bearing part and assumes the main load. The arc of the vertebra, along with the body of the vertebra, forms a vertebral in which the spinal cord passes. The processes of the vertebrae serve as places of attachment of muscles and ligaments, and also participate in the formation of the intervertebral joints.

1.2. Intervertebral discs: shock absorbers and flexibility

Intervertebral discs are located between the vertebrae bodies and perform the role of shock absorbers, softening the blows and ensuring the flexibility of the spine. Each disk consists of a pulpoose nucleus (Gelatinous Core) and a fibrous ring (Tough Outer Layer). The pulpoose core contains a large amount of water and provides disk elasticity. The fibrous ring consists of concentric layers of collagen fibers, which provide the strength and stability of the disk.

1.3. Intervertebral joints: facet joints

The intervertebral joints (faceting joints) are located between the arcs of the vertebrae and provide the movement of the spine. These are synovial joints covered with hyalin cartilage and containing synovial fluid, which provides lubrication and reduces friction.

1.4. Spine ligaments: stabilization and support

The ligaments of the spine connect the vertebrae to each other and provide stability of the spine. The main ligaments include the anterior longitudinal ligament, the rear longitudinal ligament, yellow ligaments, the intellectual ligaments and the necessary ligaments.

1.5. Spine muscles: movement and support

The muscles of the spine provide the movement and support of the spine. The main muscles include the muscles of the back extensions (Erector Spinae), deep back muscles (multifidus, robatores) and abdominal muscles (Rectus Abdominis, Obliques).

1.6. Biomechanics of Crysta: Basic theories

There are several theories explaining the mechanism of the occurrence of a crunch in the spine:

Cavitation: The most common theory suggests that a crunch arises as a result of the formation and collapse of gas bubbles in the synovial fluid of the intervertebral joints. During movement in the joint, the pressure may temporarily decrease, which leads to the formation of gas bubbles. When the bubbles are collapsed, a characteristic sound of the crunch arises.
Displacement of joint surfaces: A crunch can occur as a result of a short -term displacement of the articular surfaces relative to each other. This can happen, for example, with a sharp movement or with stretching of the ligaments.
Gap of adhesions: Small adhesions (adhesions) can form in the joints, which are torn when moving, making the sound of crunch.
Tendonitis and Bursitis: Inflammation of the tendons (tendonitis) or synovial bags (bursitis) can also be accompanied by crunch during movement.

Chapter 2: Possible causes of crunch in the spine

A crunch in the spine can be caused by various reasons, from harmless physiological phenomena to serious diseases. It is important to understand when a crunch is an concern and requires a doctor.

2.1. Physiological crunch: normal phenomenon

The physiological crunch is a crunch that occurs without pain or other symptoms and is not associated with any pathological changes in the spine. It can occur in healthy people with normal movements and does not require treatment.

Age changes: With age, changes occur in the structure of the intervertebral discs and joints, which can lead to an increase in the frequency of crunch.
Hypermors of joints: People with hyperobility of joints (increased mobility) can more often experience a crunch in the spine.
Lack of physical activity: The lack of physical activity can lead to a weakening of the back muscles and the deterioration of joint lubrication, which can contribute to the occurrence of crunch.
Body position: Long -term stay in an uncomfortable position can lead to overstrain of the muscles and joints of the spine, which can cause a crunch when a position changes.

2.2. Pathological crunch: a sign of the disease

A pathological crunch is a crunch that is accompanied by pain, limitation of mobility, neurological symptoms or other signs of the disease. It can be a sign of various problems with the spine requiring diagnosis and treatment.

Spinal osteochondrosis: Osteochondrosis is a degenerative disease of the intervertebral discs, which leads to their thinning, loss of elasticity and the formation of cracks. This can cause crunch, pain and limitation of mobility.
Spondyloartrosis: Spondylarthrosis is a degenerative disease of the intervertebral joints, which leads to the destruction of cartilage, the formation of bone growths (osteophytes) and inflammation. This can cause crunch, pain and limitation of mobility.
Protrusion and Grass of an interpreted disk: Protency is a protrusion of the intervertebral disc outside the spinal column without rupture of the fibrous ring. A hernia is a protrusion of an intervertebral disc with a rupture of a fibrous ring. They can cause crunch, pain, numbness and weakness in the limbs.
Stenosis of the spinal canal: Stenosis of the spinal canal is a narrowing of the spinal canal, which leads to compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. This can cause crunch, pain, numbness, weakness in the limbs and impaired function of the pelvic organs.
Spondylolistez: Spondylolistz – this is the displacement of one vertebra relative to another. This can cause crunch, pain and limitation of mobility.
Spinal injuries: Trauma of the spine, such as fractures and dislocations, can cause crunch, pain and neurological symptoms.
Inflammatory diseases: Inflammatory diseases of the spine, such as ankylosing spondylitis (ankylide disease), can cause crunch, pain and limitation of mobility.
Tumors of the spine: Tumors of the spine can cause crunch, pain and neurological symptoms.
Scoliosis and other spinal deformations: The curvature of the spine can lead to an uneven load on the joints and discs, which can cause a crunch.

2.3. Risk factors for the development of pathological cryst

There are certain risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing a pathological cryst in the spine:

Age: With age, the risk of developing degenerative diseases of the spine increases.
Heredity: Some diseases of the spine have a hereditary predisposition.
Overweight: Overweight increases the load on the spine and can contribute to the development of degenerative changes.
Sedentary lifestyle: A lack of physical activity can lead to a weakening of the back muscles and the deterioration of the joint lubrication.
Hard physical labor: Heavy physical labor and weight lifting can lead to overloading the spine and damage to the discs and joints.
Spinal injuries: History spinal injuries can increase the risk of degenerative diseases.
Smoking: Smoking worsens the blood supply to the spine and can contribute to the development of degenerative changes.
Bad posture: Poor posture can lead to an uneven load on the spine and damage to the discs and joints.

Chapter 3: Diagnostics of the causes of the crunch in the spine

Diagnosis of the causes of the crunch in the spine includes the collection of an anamnesis, a physical examination and various methods of instrumental diagnostics.

3.1. Anamnesis and physical examination

The doctor will begin with a detailed collection of an anamnesis to find out the nature of the crunch, its duration, the presence of concomitant symptoms (pain, numbness, weakness), factors provoking or facilitating the crunch, as well as the presence of diseases of the spine in an anamnesis.

Physical examination includes an assessment of posture, palpation of the spine, assessment of the mobility of the spine, checking reflexes, muscle strength and sensitivity. Special tests can also be carried out to identify specific problems with the spine.

3.2. Instrumental diagnostics

To clarify the diagnosis and exclude serious diseases, the following instrumental diagnostic methods can be prescribed:

Spine radiography: X -ray allows you to identify fractures, dislocations, osteophytes and other bone changes.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine: MRI is the most informative method for the diagnosis of diseases of the soft tissues of the spine, such as intervertebral discs, ligaments and spinal cord.
Computed tomography (CT) of the spine: CT allows you to get a more detailed image of bone structures of the spine than radiography.
Electroneuromyography (ENMG): ENMG is used to evaluate the function of nerves and muscles and can be useful for the diagnosis of compression of nerve roots.
Dencitometry: Densitometry is used to measure bone density and diagnosis of osteoporosis, which can increase the risk of vertebral fractures.

Chapter 4: Methods of treating crunch in the spine

Treatment of crunch in the spine depends on the cause of its occurrence. If the crunch is physiological and is not accompanied by other symptoms, then treatment is not required. In the case of a pathological cryst, the underlying disease must be treated.

4.1. Conservative treatment

Conservative treatment is the main method of treating many diseases of the spine and includes the following components:

Drug therapy:
- Anesthetic drugs: Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics can be used to relieve pain.
- Musorelaxants: Musorelaxants can be used to relax the muscles of the back and reduce muscle spasm.
- Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids can be used to reduce inflammation and pain in acute conditions.
- Chondroprotectors: Chondroprotectors can be used to slow down the destruction of the cartilage tissue of the intervertebral joints.
- B vitamins B: B vitamins can be used to improve the function of the nervous system.
Physiotherapy:
- Medical physical education (exercise therapy): Exercise therapy is an important component of the treatment of spine diseases. It helps strengthen the back muscles, improve the flexibility of the spine and restore normal biomechanics of movements.
- Massage: Massage helps to relax the back muscles, improve blood circulation and reduce pain.
- Manual therapy: Manual therapy includes various techniques aimed at restoring the normal position of the vertebrae and joints.
- Acupunaxotherapy (Acupuncture): Acupuncture can be used to relieve pain and improve the function of the nervous system.
- Electrical stimulation: Electrical stimulation can be used to strengthen the back muscles and reduce pain.
- Ultrasound therapy: Ultrasound therapy can be used to reduce inflammation and improve blood circulation.
Orthosis: Wearing an orthosis (corset) can be recommended to stabilize the spine and reduce the load on the discs and joints.
Mode: It is important to observe the correct regime of the day, avoid overloads of the spine and observe the rules of ergonomics during work and rest.

4.2. Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment can be recommended in case of inefficiency of conservative treatment, the presence of neurological symptoms or serious structural changes in the spine.

Microdiscectomy: Microdiscectomy is a surgical removal of hernia of the intervertebral disc.
Laminectomy: Laminectomy is the surgical removal of part of the arc of the vertebra to expand the spinal canal and reduce pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots.
Spondylodez: Spondylodez is the surgical fusion of two or more vertebrae.
Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty: Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are the minimum invasive procedures that are used to treat vertebrae fractures.

4.3. Alternative treatment methods

Some people prefer to use alternative methods of treating crunch in the spine, such as:

Yoga: Yoga can help strengthen the back muscles, improve the flexibility of the spine and reduce the pain.
Pilates: Pilates can help strengthen the muscles of the bark and improve posture.
Tai-you: Tai-chi can help improve balance, coordination and flexibility.
Osteopathy: Osteopathy is a holistic approach to treatment, which focuses on the restoration of the normal structure and body function.
Kinesiology: Kinesiology is a method that uses muscle testing to evaluate body function and detect imbalance.

Chapter 5: Cryst Prevention in the spine

Cryst prevention in the spine includes the following measures:

Maintaining a healthy weight: Overweight increases the load on the spine and can contribute to the development of degenerative changes.
Regular physical activity: Regular physical activity helps strengthen the back muscles, improve the flexibility of the spine and maintain joint health.
Correct posture: It is important to monitor your posture when walking, sitting and lifting weights.
Ergonomics of the workplace: It is necessary to organize your workplace in such a way as to avoid overstrain of the spine.
Proper nutrition: Proper nutrition, rich in vitamins and minerals, is necessary to maintain the health of bones and joints.
Refusal of smoking: Smoking worsens the blood supply to the spine and can contribute to the development of degenerative changes.
Timely treatment of spinal diseases: It is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner if pain in the back or other symptoms associated with the spine.

Chapter 6: Cryst in various parts of the spine: Features and treatment

A crunch can occur in various parts of the spine – cervical, chest and lumbar. Each department has its own characteristics, and the causes of crunch may vary.

6.1. Crunch in the cervical spine

Reasons: A crunch in the cervical spine can be caused by osteochondrosis, spondylo arthrosis, the instability of the cervical region, muscle spasm, injuries, as well as the wrong pose during sleep or work.
Symptoms: A crunch in the neck may be accompanied by pain, headaches, dizziness, numbness and weakness in the hands.
Treatment: Cryst treatment in the neck may include drug therapy, physiotherapy, manual therapy, wearing a cervical collar and, in some cases, surgical treatment.

6.2. Crunch in the thoracic spine

Reasons: A crunch in the thoracic spine can be caused by osteochondrosis, spondylo arthrosis, scoliosis, kyphosis, trauma of the ribs, as well as intercostal neuralgia.
Symptoms: A crunch in the thoracic region may be accompanied by pain in the back, chest pain, difficulty breathing and numbness in the chest area.
Treatment: Cryst treatment in the thoracic region may include drug therapy, physiotherapy, manual therapy, wearing a corset and, in some cases, surgical treatment.

6.3. Cryst in the lumbar spine

Reasons: A crunch in the lumbar spine can be caused by osteochondrosis, spondylo arthrosis, protrusion and hernia of the intervertebral disc, stenosis of the spinal canal, spondylolistisis, injuries, as well as muscle spasm.
Symptoms: A crunch in the lower back may be accompanied by back pain, leg pain (Ishias), numbness and weakness in the leg, as well as impaired function of the pelvic organs.
Treatment: Cryst treatment in the lower back may include drug therapy, physiotherapy, manual therapy, wearing a corset and, in some cases, surgical treatment.

Chapter 7: Cryst in the spine in children and adolescents

A crunch in the spine in children and adolescents can be caused by various reasons, including:

Physiological crunch: Physiological crunch is often found in children and adolescents and is not a cause for concern.
Hypermors of joints: Hypermors of joints is more common in children and adolescents and can lead to a crunch in the spine.
Scoliosis: Scoliosis is a curvature of the spine that can cause a crunch.
Sheyermann-MAU’s disease: Sheermann-mau disease is a spinal disease that is characterized by deformation of the vertebral bodies and can cause a crunch.
Injuries: Trauma of the spine can cause crunch.

If a crunch appears in the spine in a child or a teenager, it is recommended to consult a doctor to exclude serious diseases.

Chapter 8: Myths and errors of crunch in the spine

There are many myths and errors about the crunch in the spine. Some of them:

A crunch in the spine necessarily indicates a disease. This is not always the case. Physiological crunch is normal and does not require treatment.
A crunch in the spine leads to the development of arthritis. There is no scientific evidence of this.
A crunch in the spine can be “straightened” on your own. Independent manipulations with the spine can be dangerous and lead to injuries.
Manual therapy is a panacea from a crunch in the spine. Manual therapy can be useful in some cases, but it is not a universal method of treatment and has its contraindications.

It is important to trust only verified information and contact qualified specialists for the diagnosis and treatment of crunch in the spine.

Chapter 9: Questions that should be asked a doctor with a crunch in the spine

When contacting a doctor with complaints of a crunch in the spine, it is recommended to ask the following questions:

What is the reason for my crunch in the spine?
What diagnostic methods are needed to clarify the diagnosis?
What treatment is I recommended for me?
What side effects can be from treatment?
What measures can I take to prevent crunch in the spine?
Do I need to contact other specialists (physiotherapist, manual therapist, etc.)?

By asking these questions, you can get more complete information about your problem and make a conscious decision on treatment.

Chapter 10: Cryst in the spine and quality of life

A crunch in the spine, especially if it is accompanied by pain and limitation of mobility, can significantly reduce the quality of human life. He can influence the ability to perform everyday actions, play sports, work and rest fully.

Timely diagnosis and treatment of the causes of crunch in the spine can help reduce pain, improve mobility and restore the quality of life. It is important not to ignore the symptoms and consult a doctor when problems with the spine appear.

Cryst in the spine: possible causes and methods of treatment

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